Screening for Antibacterial Activity of French Mushrooms against Pathogenic and Multidrug Resistant Bacteria

Clément Huguet (1) , Mélanie Bourjot (1) , Jean-Michel Bellanger (2) , Gilles Prévost (3) , Aurélie Urbain (1)

1 IPHC - Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien
2 CEFE - Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive
3 Virulence bactérienne précoce : fonctions cellulaires et contrôle de l'infection aiguë et subaiguë

In the alarming context of antibiotic resistance, we explored the antibacterial potential of French mushrooms against wild-type and multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. In order to accelerate the discovery of promising compounds, screenings were carried out by TLC-direct bioautography. A total of 70 extracts from 31 mushroom species were evaluated against five wild-type bacteria: Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This first screening revealed that 95% of the extracts contained antibacterial compounds. Generally, it was observed that EtOAc extracts exhibited more active compounds than methanolic extracts. In addition, all extracts were overall more active against Gram-positive bacteria than against Gram-negative strains. The most promising mushroom extracts were then screened against various multidrug-resistant strains of S. aureus and E. coli. Activity was globally less on MDR strains; however, two mushroom species, Fomitopsis pinicola and Scleroderma citrinum, still contained several compounds inhibiting the growth of these MDR pathogenic bacteria. Stearic acid was identified as a ubiquitous compound contributing to the antibacterial defence of mushrooms. This screening revealed the potential of macromycetes as a source of antibacterial compounds; further assays are necessary to consider fungal compounds as promising drugs to counter antibiotic resistance.

Mots clés: antibiotic resistance; mushrooms; antibacterial; screening; direct bioautography; thin-layer chromatography

Domaines: Chimie thérapeutique; Microbiologie et Parasitologie

Clément Huguet, Mélanie Bourjot, Jean-Michel Bellanger, Gilles Prévost, Aurélie Urbain. Screening for Antibacterial Activity of French Mushrooms against Pathogenic and Multidrug Resistant Bacteria. Applied Sciences, 2022, 12 (10), pp.5229. ⟨10.3390/app12105229⟩. ⟨hal-04426987v2⟩